Guest Blog: Why Elderly People Should Keep Pets?
Are you thinking whether you should be taking care of your pet as you age?
When you age, you wonder if you should adopt a pet?
This guide will help you decide on the best choice for you. Studies have shown that having a pet can be advantageous both physically and psychologically for people of all ages. In the case of senior citizens, only 15 minutes of bonding with an animal causes a chemical chain reaction in the brain, reducing rates of fight-or-flight hormone, cortisol, and the development of nostalgic hormone serotonin.
The result: a sudden decrease in heart rate, blood pressure, and stress rates. Long-term relationships between pets and humans can minimize cholesterol levels, fight depression, and even help protect against heart disease and stroke.
Getting a pet or engaging with one will enhance elderly people’s health and wellness, improving both physical health and mood. Get emotional support animal registration for trained animals as per your requirement.
There are a few key reasons why elderly people should keep pets.
Lower blood pressure
Scientists think stroking a dog or cat will help you relax and therefore reduce blood pressure. A 2002 study revealed that dog or cat owners had lower resting heart rates and blood pressure than those who did not have pets.
Reduced risk of heart attack and stroke
According to scientists, owning a dog can relieve stress and anxiety and therefore reduce the risk of heart disease. A study that looked at over 4400 adults aged between 30 and 75, including half who owned a dog, showed that 3.4% had died from a heart attack over ten years. 5.8 per cent had died from heart attacks in the community who had never owned a pet.
Better mood
Stroking a dog can be comforting to both parties. If you stroke a dog, a hormone called oxytocin is released, which is linked to anxiety relief. A study conducted at Uppsala University in Sweden presented at the 12th International Conference of Human-Animal Interactions in 2010, showed that friendly human-dog interaction releases oxytocin in both humans and dogs. It is interesting if you walk down the street with a dog how many people look at him and it brings a smile to their face. That really stimulates a positive emotional response.
Fewer visits to the doctor
According to Pets for The Elderly Foundation in the US, 21% of older people with a pet have fewer veterinarian visits. Owning a pet like a dog will make you more active. Being regularly active is noted for reducing heart disease and the risk of having a stroke, as well as reducing the risk of developing diseases like dementia and some cancers. Experts also agree that post-sickness or surgery pets will help us heal faster.
Better social contact
Walking a dog is more likely to promote social interaction and conversations with others and lead to an increased likelihood of new friendships. When you walk a dog, there is more risk of starting up conversations with pet owners in parks and other public areas.
Less stress
Stroking a pet is thought to reduce the level of stress-related hormones in the blood according to Professor Adnan Qureshi from Minnesota University. Reducing stress can help protect against heart disease by lowering blood pressure and reducing heart rate.
More affection and love
Focusing on taking care of an animal is a great way to give and receive love. Recognizing the treatment and bonding value of owning a dog and focusing emotional energy on a pet is a good thing.
More active
Dog walkers will naturally be active. A 1991 study showed that pet owners typically had higher rates of activity and less mild health issues.
A greater sense of comfort and security
The pets can be their key source of support for many elderly people who lack daily social contact and company. Ninety-five percent of the elderly people talked to their pets in a survey by Pets for the Elderly Foundation, while 82 percent said that their pets support them when they felt sad.
A positive focus and a sharper mind
A researcher noticed a marked improvement in her late mother, who had vascular dementia when caring for her dog. ‘My mother loved her dog and was always happier when she was around. When her dog passed away, mum was understandably distraught, but I also noticed a change in her mood and mental function. Her dementia seemed to get worse – she became less focused, more detached, and more easily confused. Her dog had given her a sense of purpose and focus.’
Animal therapy
Animal therapy is common in care homes, as it has been shown to reduce anxiety and enhance social contact in people with dementia. Alzheimer’s Society actively encourages those with dementia to keep pets for as long as they can or interact with them as much as possible. However, if you are taking a pet into a care home or to a person’s home, make sure they have the right temperament and will comfort the person rather than cause more stress. Make sure dogs are unlikely to leap or bark excessively and make sure pets are friendly and unlikely to bite when stroked.
Improved overall health
According to researchers, pet owners look safer than those who don’t own pets. According to pet study Allen R McConnell, a psychology professor at Miami University, people with a strong relationship with their pets are on average happier than those who do not have pets.
Hope this article gave you the reason to keep a pet for yourself or for your elderly loved ones. Spread love!
Guest Blog: How Electronic Health Care Is Better For You
Did you know that your health information is as personal and sensitive as your medical records? Did you also know that anyone could access this information online, even if it’s not public yet? If you or a loved one has been in the hospital recently, or has had any tests done, there’s a good chance you have private patient information available to view on the Internet. This information may be accessible because healthcare institutions often do not protect patient data with security measures. Many hospitals, clinics and medical offices are not safeguarding patients’ electronic health records (EHRs) with password protections and other security features. As a result, hackers can easily access this information without permission. In this blog post, we will explain everything you need to know about being cautious of your health care data.
What is Electronic Health Information?
Electronic health information (EHI) is the data that is created and maintained in digital format by physicians, hospitals and others who provide health care. This includes all health-related instructions, observations, diagnoses, allergies, procedures and any other information providers write into patients’ medical records like diet plan for diabetic patient etc. EHI can include demographic information, medical histories, test results, medications, allergies and even lab-drawn blood-type.
Why Is Electronic Health Information so Important?
Electronic health records (EHRs) are digital records that keep track of your medical history. They contain information from your doctor visits, hospital stays, tests and more. The EHR system was created to help physicians provide better care and better understand your medical history. The system also allows for easier record-keeping for all parties involved in your care. EHRs can help you get the best care from your doctor because doctors can access your entire health history. They can also help you get better care if you go to a different doctor by providing your entire medical history to them. EHRs can also help you take better care of yourself because you can view your entire medical history online at any time. You can also print out information to bring to your doctor’s appointments.
Why is your Electronic Health Information Important?
Your health information is an extremely sensitive and important part of your life. It includes all of the details related to your health, treatments and conditions. Your health information is subject to specific privacy laws that are designed to protect your information. If anyone (including a doctor or an insurance company) were to view or misuse your information, it could be extremely harmful. Your health information is important to you personally and financially. For example, it can help you get the care you need like IVF treatment etc, keep you covered by health insurance, and manage your overall health. In addition, if you share your information with others, it could help them provide better care for you. It could also help them better understand you and your medical history.
How You Can Find & View Your Own Electronic Health Record
You can find your own EHR on websites such as HealthHound, or web portals such as Google Health. You can also ask your health care provider or insurance company if they have a portal where you can view your own EHR. If you want to see your medical records in person, you may be able to do so at a medical office or clinic. Depending on where you live, you may also be able to request to view your EHR through government websites, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) website.
3 Ways that People Might Be Seeing Your Private Healthcare Data Online
If you or a loved one has been in the hospital recently, or has had any tests done, there’s a good chance you have private patient information available to view on the Internet. This information may be accessible because healthcare institutions often do not protect patient data with security measures. Hackers can easily access this information without permission. They can also sell this data to unscrupulous individuals or companies. In this case, people might be able to access your private information through nefarious websites such as Facebook Marketplace or Craigslist. People or organizations can also breach healthcare data through hacking. Many hospitals, clinics and medical offices are not safeguarding patients’ EHRs with password protections and other security features. As a result, hackers can breach the data remotely and access private information.
What Should You Do if You See a Breached Record of Yourself?
If you see your own EHR on a website you should report it immediately. You can also contact your doctor’s office and ask them to report it. You should also contact the website administrator or the hosting company and ask them to remove your medical information.
Conclusion
Depending on where you live and where you receive medical care, your medical records may be online. If you ever have a serious medical condition, it’s likely that a doctor will write your information into an electronic health record (EHR). This means that your information is also on the internet, even if you don’t see it. You may be able to access and view your own EHR through commercial websites or portals. If you ever see your own EHR online, you should report it immediately. You can also contact your doctor’s office and ask them to report it. You should also contact the website administrator or the hosting company and ask them to remove your medical information
Cataract Warning Signs and Treatment
Cataracts are responsible for 51% of world blindness, representing about 20 million people (World Health Organization [WHO], 2010). More than 90% of cataracts are age-related. Cataracts are so common in older adults that some almost consider them an inevitable consequence of old age and often fail to report to the doctor. According to the University of Washington, Department of Ophthalmology (2008), 400,000 new cases of cataracts are diagnosed each year, over 3 million visits to a doctor are related to cataracts each year, and 5,500,000 people have some impaired vision due to cataracts. Although about half of people between 65 and 75 years of age have cataracts, they are most common in those over age 75 (70%), and there are no ethnic or gender variations (Trudo & Stark, 1998).
Risk Factors
Advancing age is the biggest risk factor for the development of cataracts. Other risk factors include diabetes, tumor, long-term use of medications such as corticosteroids, excessive exposure to sunlight, blunt or penetrating trauma, and excessive exposure to heat or radiation. Tobacco use, family history of cataracts, high alcohol intake, diabetes, and lack of dietary antioxidants also puts the person at risk for cataract development (Gerzevitz, Porter, & Dunphy, 2011).
Warning Signs/Diagnosis
Cataracts cause no pain or discomfort and may be manifested by gradual opacity of the lens, which affects the ability to see clearly. This causes decreased visual acuity, sensitivity to glare, and altered color perception. Older adults may not be aware of the problem until visual changes occur. They may report blurred or distorted vision or complain of glare when driving at night. The person may present with a fall due to visual changes. Some older adults will disclose that their reading vision has improved and they no longer need reading glasses, something called “second sight”. Eventually the pupil changes color to a cloudy white. Generally, the most common objective finding is decreased visual acuity, such as that measured with a Snellen eye chart. The patient should be referred to an ophthalmologist for further evaluation and consideration of surgery.
Treatment
Although changes in eyeglasses are the first option, when quality of life becomes affected, the most effective treatment for cataracts is surgery. Surgery is relatively safe and usually is done as an outpatient procedure. The opaque lens is removed through an incision in the eye and an intraocular lens is inserted. The surgical incision is either closed with sutures or can heal itself. This is the most common operation among older adults, and more than 95% of them have better vision after surgery (Trudo & Stark, 1998). After surgery, patients will need to avoid bright sunlight; wear wrap-around sunglasses for a short time; and avoid straining, lifting, or bending. They may need to use eye drops as instructed by the doctor (National Eye Institute, 2013). The benefits of surgery include improved visual acuity, depth perception, and peripheral vision, leading to better outcomes related to ADLs, quality of life, and reduced risk of falls. Complications associated with surgery are rare but include retinal detachment, infection, and macular edema. Cataract surgery today offers a safe and effective treatment to maintain independence and improve quality of life for older adults.
Adapted from Mauk, K. L., Hanson, P., & Hain, D. (2014). Review of the management of common illnesses, diseases, or health conditions. In K. L. Mauk’s (Ed.) Gerontological Nursing: Competencies for Care. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Used with permission.
Seizures
Background
Once thought to be mainly a disorder of children, recurrent seizures or epilepsy is thought to be present in about 7% of older adults (Spitz, 2005) and is usually related to one of the common comorbidities found in older adults (Bergey, 2004; Rowan & Tuchman, 2003). Epilepsy affects up to 3 million Americans of all ages (Velez & Selwa, 2003). Davidson & Davidson (2012) summarized findings of most studies on epilepsy in older adults with these main points:
Seizures can be caused by a variety of conditions in older persons, but “the most common cause of new-onset epilepsy in an elderly person is arteriosclerosis and the associated cerebrovascular disease” (Spitz, 2005, p. 1), accounting for 40–50% of seizures in this age group (Rowan & Tuchman, 2003). Seizures are associated with stroke in 5–14% of survivors (Spitz, 2005; Velez & Selwa, 2003). Other common causes of epilepsy in the elderly include Alzheimer’s disease and brain tumor.
There are three major classifications of epilepsies, although there are many additional types. Generalized types are more common in young people and associated with grand mal or tonic-clonic seizures. A number of cases have an un¬determined origin and may be associated with certain situations such as high fever, exposure to toxins, or rare metabolic events. In older adults, localized (partial or focal) epilepsies are more common, particularly complex partial seizures (Luggen, 2009). In contrast to young adults, Rowan and Tuchman (2003) cite other differences in seizures in the elderly: low frequency of seizure activity, easier to control, high potential for injury, a prolonged postictal period, and better tolerance with newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Additionally, older adults may have coexisting medical problems and take many medications to treat these problems.
Risk Factors/Warning Signs
Risk factors for seizures in older adults include cerebrovascular disease (especially stroke), age, and head trauma. The most obvious signs and symptoms of epilepsy are seizures, although changes in behavior, cognition, and level of consciousness may be other signs. Also, note that exposure to toxins can cause seizures that are not epilepsy. Complex partial seizures in older adults may include symptoms such as “confusion, memory loss, dizziness, and shortness of breath” (Davidson & Davidson, 2012, p. 16). Automatism (repetitive movements), facial twitching with following confusion, and coughing are also signs of the more-common complex partial seizure (Luggen, 2009).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made by careful description of the seizure event, a thorough history, and physical. Eyewitness accounts of the seizure incident can be quite helpful, although many community-dwelling older adults go undiagnosed because their seizures are never witnessed. In addition, complete blood work, neuroimaging, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG), and electroencephalogram (EEG) help determine the cause and type of seizure (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence {NICE}, 2012).
Treatment
Treatment for epilepsy is aimed at the causal factor. The standard treatment for recurrent seizures is antiepilepsy drugs (AEDs). The rule of thumb, “start low and go slow,” for medication dosing in older adults particularly applies to AEDs. The elderly tend to have more side effects, adverse drug interactions, and problems with toxicity levels than younger people.
Research has suggested that older adults may have better results with fewer side effects with the newer AEDs than the traditional ones, though about 10% of nursing home residents are still medicated with the first-generation AEDs (Mauk, 2004). The most common older medications used to treat seizures include barbiturates (such as phenobarbital), benzodiazepines (such as diazepam/Valium), hydantoins (such as phenytoin/Dilantin), and valproates (such as valproic acid/Depakene) (Deglin & Vallerand, 2005; Resnick, 2008).
Several newer drugs are also used, depending on the type of seizure. Second-generation AEDs, including gabapentin (Neurontin), lamotrigine (Lamictal), oxcarbazepine (Trileptal), levetiracetam (Keppra), pregabalin (Lyrica), tiagabine (Gabitril), and topiramate (Topamax), are generally recommended over the older AEDs; however, older AEDS such as phenytoin (Dilantin), valproate (Depakote), and carbamazepine (Tegretol) are the most commonly prescribed treatment options (Resnick, 2008). Each of these medications has specific precautions for use in patients with certain types of medical problems or for those taking certain other medications. Regarding side effects in older patients, watch for potential stomach, kidney, neurological (especially poor balance or incoordination), and liver problems. Additionally, some newer extended-release AEDs are thought to be better tolerated and have a lower incidence of systemic side effects (such as tremors) (Uthman, 2004).
Adapted from Mauk, K. L., Hanson, P., & Hain, D. (2014). Review of the management of common illnesses, diseases, or health conditions. In K. L. Mauk’s (Ed.) Gerontological Nursing: Competencies for Care.Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Used with permission.
Guest Blog: Hiring an In-Home Caregiver: What You Need to Know
When looking for an in-home caregiver for your loved one, it’s a given you would prefer someone they can get along with really well and will do a great job of taking care of them. However, finding this home care option for your senior loved one can be challenging at times.
Fortunately, there is no shortage of tips you can follow to ensure you find the perfect person for the job. The following tips should get your search off to a fantastic start:
Create a clear job description
To come up with a clear job description, identify what your elderly loved one’s needs are. A clear and specific job description can help you determine the flexibility needed, the number of hours they’ll be looking after your loved one, and how much you are likely to pay.
Be flexible when hiring independently
If you want to find great candidates, you need to be flexible about the pay. It is also recommended that you offer the going rate in your area. Otherwise, you might not find applicants with the care skills you are looking for.
Conduct multiple interviews and a trial period
To get more insights about a candidate, consider conducting three interviews:
- A short screening interview over the phone to ensure they meet the necessary requirements.
- An in-person interview if they pass the phone screening.
- An in-person interview where the top 2 candidates can also meet your elderly loved one.
Ask all the important questions during the interview
Asking all the right questions can help you find someone responsible, compassionate, and trustworthy. It would also be a good idea to ask what they’ll do in a specific situation. For instance, what they would do if your elderly loved one refuses medications or does not cooperate.
Check their references
Even if you find a candidate very impressive, it is ideal that you still do a background check. You can do this by calling the work references they have provided. You can ask if they do a good job and if they’ll hire the candidate again.
Conclusion
While finding the best in-home caregiver can be challenging, it can be done. As long as you prepare accordingly and cover all the essential bases, you’ll find the right person for the job with ease.